With the popularity of electric vehicle (EV) charging systems and photovoltaic inverter systems, current sensing is becoming increasingly important in high-voltage applications. Current sensors measure current by monitoring the voltage drop across a shunt resistor or the magnetic field generated by the current in a conductor, thereby enabling the control and monitoring of power conversion, charging and discharging processes. Among current sensing technologies, shunt-based current sensors and Hall-effect current sensors are the two most common technologies.
Shunt-based current sensing technology generally has higher accuracy over the entire current range. Engineers can achieve highly accurate current measurements by using stable amplifier technology or precision analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and precision shunt resistors. This technology is commonly used in applications such as automotive traction inverters, servo control systems and industrial automation, which require high precision and stability.
However, shunt-based current sensors also have some limitations. First, they require additional power supplies, adding to system complexity and cost. Secondly, since the shunt itself introduces a certain resistance, it will cause power loss in the current measurement. In addition, the rated current range and resolution of the shunt will also impose limitations on the system design.
In comparison, Hall effect current sensors are a simpler and more economical option. Hall effect sensors use the magnetic field generated by the Hall element to sense the current to measure the current. They do not require additional power supply and can work directly at the supply voltage of the current being measured. Hall effect sensors also have high bandwidth and speed, allowing for fast response and accurate current measurement.
TMCS1123 is a new Hall effect current sensor designed for high voltage applications. It has high accuracy and stability and can achieve a sensitivity error of ±1.75%. In addition, the TMCS1123 also features differential Hall effect sensing to reduce magnetic field interference and crosstalk. It also provides other functions such as overcurrent detection, precision voltage reference and sensor warning.
TMCS1123 block diagram
The TMCS1123 also addresses some of the limitations of traditional Hall-effect sensors, such as lead frame resistance and die thermal limitations. It can sense 75ARMS current at 25°C and maintain high accuracy over temperature and lifetime without calibration.
When selecting a current sensor, there are several factors to consider. Accuracy first, and power rating second. The voltage and current levels of the system must be within the parameters specified by the sensor. Bandwidth and speed are also important for switching systems that require fast response. In addition, design complexity is also a factor to consider.
In summary, with the help of current sensors such as the TMCS1123, high-precision current measurement can be achieved and design complexity and cost can be reduced. This innovative technology will help simplify high voltage current sensing, increase efficiency and reduce system calibration effort.
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